http://41.59.91.195:9090/handle/123456789/100 2026-05-08T13:28:34Z 2026-05-08T13:28:34Z Assenga, Suzana Sylivester Mbonigaba, Josue http://41.59.91.195:9090/handle/123456789/301 2025-10-01T09:07:18Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Autism Spectrum Disorder and Its Socio-Economic Burden in Sub Saharan Africa: A Comprehensive Systematic Review Assenga, Suzana Sylivester; Mbonigaba, Josue Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a lifelong developmental condition characterized by challenges in social communication, restricted behaviours, and sensory difficulties. Globally, ASD affects about 1 in 100 children and places a significant economic burden on families. While this burden is well-documented in Europe, limited evidence exists for sub-Saharan Africa. This systematic review explores the socioeconomic impact of ASD on families in the region by examining direct and indirect healthcare costs, lost productivity, and financial burden. A systematic search was conducted using EBSCOhost databases (MEDLINE, ERIC, and Academic Search Complete) covering publications from August 2019 to June 2024. Findings revealed that 41.6% of caregivers reported a moderate burden of care, while 33.8% experienced a high burden. Families with ASD children spent 20% of their income on therapies and school fees. Only two relevant studies from South Africa were identified, highlighting a critical evidence gap and the need for further research to inform supportive policies. Conference proceeding

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Binto, Binto Mawazo http://41.59.91.195:9090/handle/123456789/291 2025-10-01T09:05:18Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Striving for The Africa We Want By 2063: Can African Political Leaders Adapt The Mwalimu Nyerere Leadership Philosophy? Binto, Binto Mawazo This paper aimed to explore information to answer the question, "Can African political leaders adapt to the Mwalimu Nyerere leadership philosophy as we strive for the Africa we want by 2063?" The study used a systematic literature review covering 18 published scholarly articles based on the data saturation principle. Based on the findings, we conclude that embracing Mwalimu Nyerere's leadership philosophy is essential, as it will enhance the capabilities of both current and future African leaders to devise and execute leadership strategies that address the needs of the African community, thereby promoting the realization of the Africa we want by 2063. We recommend that public leaders in Africa embrace Mwalimu Julius Kambarage Nyerere’s leadership philosophy to attain the Africa we want by 2063. Conference Proceeding

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Babune, George Julius Haji, Shadida Selele http://41.59.91.195:9090/handle/123456789/288 2025-09-26T08:17:56Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Characterising Students’ English Language Skills in Competency and Knowledge-Based Educational Institutions in Zanzibar, Tanzania Babune, George Julius; Haji, Shadida Selele The paper explores the characteristics of students' English language competencies in facilitating learning at both the State University of Zanzibar (SUZA) and the Mwalimu Nyerere Memorial Academy (MNMA) in Tanzania. It employed an 188 sample size obtained by simple random sampling to implement the case study design. The two institutions were chosen because they are different, one being competency-based and the other being knowledge-based in educational approaches for MNMA and SUZA, respectively. It was found that there was a low level of competence among students in English language proficiency in speaking, with SUZA having only 18.6% of highly proficient participants and MNMA having only 26% of highly proficient participants. Concerning competency in English language proficiency in writing, it was found that SUZA scored only 23.9% of high proficiency in writing, and MNMA scored 21.8% of the same. In measuring English language competencies in listening, it was revealed that SUZA had only an 18.6% score of high proficiency in listening. MNMA Karume Campus, Zanzibar scored only 20.7% high in proficiency in listening to the English language. In the English language, competencies related to students’ socialisation ability, SUZA scored 18.6% of competencies among participants, whereas MNMA scored 31.3% on socialisation ability among students. It was concluded that there is a low level of English language competencies among the SUZA and MNMA Karume Campus in Zanzibar. It is recommended that efforts to build competencies should be enhanced in the practice of competency-based and knowledge-based education in higher learning institutions. Conference Proceedings

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Zella, Adili Y. http://41.59.91.195:9090/handle/123456789/286 2025-09-26T08:17:39Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Biomass Depletion and Carbon Emissions in Tanzania’s Kilombero Valley Floodplain: How Nyerere’s Legacy Informs Today’s Climate Action Strategies Zella, Adili Y. Land use and cover change (LULCC), driven by human activities and natural processes, has emerged as a significant factor in biomass depletion and increased carbon emissions, a key contributor to global climate change. This study examines the impact of LULCC on biomass loss and carbon emissions in Tanzania's Kilombero Valley floodplain (KVFP), an ecologically significant area, from 1990 to 2020. By utilizing moderate-resolution Landsat imagery from 1990, 2010, and 2020, the research applied a random forest (RF) algorithm for land classification and ArcGIS software for spatial analysis. Biomass and carbon stock estimations were based on models from Tanzania’s National Forest Resources Monitoring and Assessment (NAFORMA). The findings reveal a substantial biomass reduction of 26.93 million tonnes, releasing 12.66 million tonnes of carbon, leading to 46.46 million tonnes of CO₂ emissions. This release equated to an estimated economic loss of USD 185.83 million in the global carbon market. Forest degradation accounted for 95.9% of biomass loss, underscoring the critical role of forest management in combating carbon emissions. While agricultural and grassland expansions contributed to minor biomass gains, they did not offset the overall loss. The study draws on the environmental vision of Mwalimu Julius Nyerere, advocating for sustainable land use and the integration of climate resilience in land management policies. These findings emphasize the need for urgent policy interventions to safeguard natural resources and mitigate climate change in the KVFP, highlighting the relevance of Nyerere’s legacy in shaping modern climate strategies. Conference proceedings

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